Elastic-fluid turbine.



J. P. NIKONOW.

ELASTIC FLUID T URBNE. APPLIOATIOEI FILED 1920.8, 190s.

925,218. Patented June 15, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

A TTOHNE YS J. P. NIKONOW.

ELASTIC FLUID TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. s. 190s Patented June 15,1909.

W/TNESSES (ma am A TTOHNEYS inetal the beads 34, 35 are.v criinpino" stamping, pressing or evenhy dropr the disks ine-tal and r' 'rectly thro outerl edges oi the disks.

ced portion oi the'circular j upon the outside, as 'thecoinpleted vane with a central en ing in order to facilitate the inount I cular block ZSfflacii disk 4is further provided `with two annularbeads 3%, concientric with each other and also with the center of the' disk. -The disk'` being ina-de of sheet readily forine'd by In) w forging, as desired.

I -i'ind that the disks are materially strengthened by providing t-hein With the heads 35, and ralitv of `such beads disposed concentricallv, the disk ,is strengthened to fi-greater extent than would ordinarily lbe computing the parat-olv..

bv the beads s L is that one of the hv servingl to `brace and stillen the dish, enables the other bead to exert its dividual strengiii to hetterath vant secured in position by aid of rings 37 'ets 3S, the rivets the rines 3T, the vanes 36 and Rivets 39 extend thrfnigli the re du block 2S-.and 4also through the tivo disks 31 32, thereby securing these turtherthat by using a plu-v expected from l strength afilorded resented by an angle which should .not vary rl`lie reason oi' this` disks hrnilv upon.

flot the disks uponthe ci'radj acent to cured upon the lug 43 by aid ol the bolts BSW be, have such inclination that the inner and ciencv. 'For instance,

these lugs, and riveted intermediate these sectors are a nuniherof vanos, 'the vanes and sectors together i'orinine thi` single coniposite nieniber which, as a whole, is se- 7() which extend through both" plates. loosening these boltsthemeinber in question i may be'bodily .detached ativill. Y n

. The bevels Lil, 42 or 41",:ns' the lcase ina-5f outerfsurfaces .adjacent 'to-the edges of the Vanes have an angle variation of twenty to thirty degrees. Inot'lnffwords, .the sharp# ness of the edges of a vane,.\vliether of the torni in Fig. 6 ortliat shown in '7, -is'rep- 60 in degreesl to an)v greater' extent thanthat just indicated. The'purpose in l'orniing the angle as gust stated is toenable `the steani to enter the spacesvbetu'een the vanes without 85 A ineeting any obstruction and without shock, Mounted upon the outer'edges' of th disl's and consequently 31,:3'2 movable varies vfhi 'h of sheet extending diwithout undue loss of eth- N referring to Fig. 3', it fill be notedthat the steani or other elastic inediuin, incoming in contact with any vane, 90 is so cleft as vto he g-uidel gently into tite f spaces in front of aiidba'c s ol thevanelo Itlltiati all back'pressureis reduced t o a ininiiinuin and the vanevis as little inthe wav as the circular block and holc'iingl thein in favor able. position to promote their sti ness.

As the inner surface ol the disks abut .direc-tlv against the shoulders 29 of the circular block 28, it is al nostl impossible for the disks to niove, crinipor buckle. The rivets Z39 holding the inner edgesof the disks iirnily against holding against the inner edges or the disks directly the shoulders "2Q, effectively` prevent 31, 32 from yielding at any -p-oint near the circular block 28, and thus enable the central portionslof the tivo disks, ecause of the great Astrength and rigidity 1 thus conferred upon thein, to. assist the' outer portionsof the disks inresisting undue strain. 'd

Each vane 36 isvprovided Witha holeO and with beveled surfaces il, 42. these Vanes l prepare speci strips 36 provided With beveled surfaces 4l, 42, which I cut into pieces of'proper shape, and,v from these l stainp the buckets. ln some instances, as indicated in Fig. Tijl prefer to `so forni the blank that the bevels are indicated at alb, so that has in cross section the general forni indicated at Sb, Fig. 7.

j The Vanes'being completed and n iotinted i upon the disks 3i, 32,

i l'the'topthereof is a lug i3 of arcuate uforni. Two sect-ions 44 otsheet inet-.il are disposed revoluble parts, with the casing the reduced' portion 30,-'and also In inaking ally `drawn nietalbyaid of the rings 37 l p rivets .38, the movable member-of the turbine7 comprising practically ally of thci if and also to have preferably sonie little elassureapplied to it.

possible, except as regards Lhc effective prcs- 95 The operation of my device as follows: An elastic medium. suchjas steam, being :idinitted through the nozzle 20;. expands in' passing through the bore 23 and is projected 100 at a high velocit)v against the adjacent group oi movable varies and. is `thence deliected against the sinall stationarygroup' of varies 36, shovvirat the top of Figs. `tand 2,1and being again deliected, theystrike the reni-aining group of n iovablevaries,l thence passing outthrough 'the exhaust pipe .13. Front 'this course of travel,it ,ivill be observed (sec Fig. 8) that the steain has tivo velocity stages. l have found this turbine to beexceedingl efficientin `econoniizing the useof expansive fluid employed. its parts are easily replaced when Wornout, or interchanged for other parts of the saine kind. Asis Well knoxvn in this and inanv other arts, parts niade ii'oin nietal stanipings are niuch inoi'e cheaply constructed than if cast or machined, yet in a device such as a turbine itis difficult to inakcl l' stanipings lanswer thepurpose required, ovving to the exact conditions presented in the problem of construction. f Such being the case, it vill be realized vthat ina-nv advan tages accrue troni using the parts above tlcscribed and inthe relation stated. 1 For instance, the vanes shown in Figs. 6, '7 are required to possess great strength and stiiiness,

ros

, ticity. `These advantages are-allattainedby performing theV st ainping as described.

l "'the b lia1(i1k of s eet-metalintoV the form of.

vane.

us descrlbed my lnve'ntlonl evil-and .desire to. secure byQ-Letters the , the combination" of a rev'- sald'dis'k is' strengthened,

h'lherefvvith, means' for directingan# elastic d f against-,said vanes.

turbine, the combination' of a reve blo ck, a disk of.' sheet metal engaging reyolublej-blo'ck, fastening members for eciiring 4saiddi"skffi'rrnly upon said revoluble block?,v saigidiskbeing 'provided With conce-ne triGfbeads-"integral'Witlrfit for thepurpose .of strengthening 1't,' ..`va nes' mountedupon said disk, and...` cansfior directing against 'said 3.. Ina turbine, the combination ofa casprovided'with a lug integral-therewith and extending internally thereof, a number of vanes to. be supported upon said lug, Ine-- tallic sectors connected rigidly with' said vanes' anfd disposed' upon opposite 'sides thereof, and means .for connecting said. me.

tallic sectors directly'. to .said lug.l

4. .I bine, the combination of a casing n'th a lug disposed'internally the3 rnber ofvanes to be supported pair of metallic members disopposite Isides of said vanes,` ing said vanes and sald metallic o vether so as to form a slngle mem# QU .ber of compositeform, and meansfor securingsai'd member thus formed rigidly in rela'- "*ti'o'n to said lug.

.ing having an enlarged portion of annular form, a plurality of stationary varies mount- 5. In'a turbine, the'combmatlon of acased centrally of said casing, a plurality of revolub'le disks disposed upon opposite sides of as it iscalled, of the-sheet*- le disk of'-meta l providediiith. an annu-V "la-'rbead-Wlierebyvanesmo'unted upon-said disk and revoluble posed Within said casmgl a ternally thereof, 'a plur ty of vanes, a pair .0f sectors secured upon opposite sides -of said vanes for holding the same in aiixed relation; to each other, thus vforming a single comp osite member, and means forsecuring saidsingle composite member u 7'. In a turbine, the com 'ing provided With a lug of arcuate form projectlng internally thereof, a' plurality -of on said lug.

sides of said vanes for relatively toeach other, thusforming a single composite member, and mechanism controllable at will for detachably securing said composite member upon-said lug. `-'8.- In a turbine, the combination of a cas- .ing provided with an inletport and With-a partition adj acent-to said inlet port, said p artition having a threaded opening,- anozzlel tending therefrom toward said inlet port, said nozzle having' an -annular shoulder engaging said partition, said shoulder being disposed upon' the side of said partition to.- -Ward said inlet port for the purpose of steadying said nozzle.-

- 9. In a turbine, the combination of a casing provided provided with a partition adjacent to lsaid inlet port, 'a nozzle connected' rigidly :with saidparti-tion and provided With a bevel extendlng entirely across said nozzle, and'further provided with an annular shoulder engagin said partition-and bracing said nozzle, said soulde'r being disposed upon the side of said partition toward said inlet'port."

ft stiinony whereof 'I have signed my name 't this specification in the presence of .two subscribing Witnesses.

JOHN P. ,N lKoNOW. Witnesses:-

LAURA M. GABERT,

DANIEL M. FAIRCHILD.

a turbine, 4the combination'ofa vanes, a pair of sectors securedupon opposite holdlng the same xed connected rigidly with said partitlon and eX- with an inlet port, a'ndfurthel."

ach of said revoluble -s and securedthereto, said vanes uponv n -ing provided: with a lug of arcuate form and projecting in# `65 ination of a cas. f 

